為何會存在主從句都用過去完成時的狀況
He had waiteduntil she had finished her work.
He had waiteduntil she finished her work.
以上二個句子有細微差別。假定she完成工作的時間為五點十分。第一句表示他等到五點十五分左右,見到了她,等待的動作結(jié)束。
第二句則表示他等到她五點十分干完活,結(jié)束等待。
第一句之所以用二個過去完成時,是由于說話人心目中關(guān)注的時間是五點十五分他見到她這個時間,而等待wait和finish這二個動作都是在五點十五分之前發(fā)生的。所以主從句都用過去完成時。但事實上,until從句用一般體和完成體的時間差異非常小,一般讓人們忽視,因此一般在until從句用完成體較少。有些語法書甚至覺得用完成體和一般體意義相同。這是忽視細微的時間差別。
以下四個句子意義相差不大,或者說可以忽視他們之間的差別:
He had waiteduntil she had finished her work.
He had waiteduntil she finished her work.
He waiteduntil she had finished her work.
He waiteduntil she finished her work.
作者:大學生新聞網(wǎng) 來源:大學生新聞網(wǎng)
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